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Sammenheng mellom kroniske muskel/skjelettsmerter med komorbid insomni og risiko for angst og depresjon

Forskere fra NTNU og St. Olavs hospital har i denne studien undersøkt sammenheng mellom kroniske muskel/skjelettsmerter med komorbid insomni og risiko for angst og depresjon blant 18.301 deltagere i HUNT-3 studien. Ved studiestart hadde ingen av studiedeltagerne angst eller depresjon, men ved 10 års oppfølging (HUNT-4) viste resultatene at personer med kroniske smerter med komorbid insomni har en spesielt høy risiko for angst og/eller depresjon, noe som tyder på at insomnisymptomer er en viktig årsak til sammenhengen mellom kroniske smerter og psykiske helseproblemer.

Publisert 12.05.2022

Anna Marcuzz​i, Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno, Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen, Paul Jarle Mork 

Studien er publisert i BMC Psychiatry

Background: Chronic musculoskeletal pain and insomnia frequently co-occur and are known independent risk factors for anxiety and depression. However, the interplay between these two conditions on the risk of anxiety and depression has not been explored.
Methods: A population-based prospective study of 18,301 adults in the Norwegian HUNT Study without anxiety or depression at baseline (2006-2008). We calculated adjusted risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for anxiety and/or depression at follow-up (2017-2019), associated with i) number of chronic pain sites, and ii) chronic pain and insomnia symptoms jointly.
Results: At follow-up, 2155 (11.8%) participants reported anxiety and/or depression. The number of pain sites was positively associated with risk of anxiety and/or depression (Ptrend, < 0.001). Compared to people without chronic pain and insomnia symptoms, people with ≥5 pain sites and no insomnia symptoms had a RR of 1.52 (95% CI: 1.28 to 1.81) for anxiety and/or depression, those with no chronic pain but with insomnia had a RR of 1.78 (95% CI: 1.33 to 2.38), whereas the RR among people with both ≥5 pain sites and insomnia was 2.42 (95% CI: 1.85 to 3.16). We observed no synergistic effect above additivity for the combination of ≥5 pain sites and insomnia on risk of anxiety and/or depression.
Conclusions: This study shows that people with multisite chronic pain who also suffer from insomnia are at a particularly high risk for anxiety and/or depression, suggesting that insomnia symptoms are important contributors to the association between multisite pain and common mental health problems.