Nikotin og alkohols innvirkning på affektive symptomer og søvnforstyrrelser hos pasienter med bipolar lidelse
Forskere fra Universitetet i Oslo, Oslo Universitetssykehus, NTNU og Université Paris Cité-Frankrike har i denne studien undersøkt om nikotin og bruk av alkohol har innvirkning på symptomer og søvn hos 453 pasienter med bipolar lidelse. Forskerne fant at depressive og maniske symptomer ikke var assosiert med samtidig bruk av alkohol eller nikotin. Pasienter med høyere forbruk av nikotin hadde økt risiko for søvnforstyrrelser sammenlignet med pasienter med lavt forbruk. Forskerne så ikke denne sammenhengen når det gjaldt alkoholforbruk. Forholdet mellom nikotinbruk og spesielt insomni bør undersøkes nærmere, da det kan være svært viktig for behandlingen.
Publisert 23.02.2023
Sist oppdatert 01.11.2024
Stine Holmstul Glastad, Sofie Ragnhild Aminoff, Roger Hagen, Margrethe Collier Høegh, Camilla Bakkalia Büchmann, Elizabeth Ann Barrett, Ingrid Melle, Bruno Etain, Trine Vik Lagerberg
Studien er publisert i Journal of Affective Disorders
Background: The use of alcohol and nicotine can negatively impact the course of bipolar disorder (BD), but there is limited knowledge about how symptoms and sleep disturbances are related to concurrent nicotine use and non-pathological use of alcohol.
Methods: We investigated how nicotine use and non-pathological use of alcohol relates to affective symptoms and sleep disturbances in 453 participants with BD without substance use disorders. Manic symptoms were assessed with the Young Mania Rating Scale, and depressive symptoms with The Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Clinician-Rated (IDS-C). Sleep-related questions from IDS-C were used to create proxy variables for sleep disturbances, including Insomnia and Hypersomnia. Multinomial regression analysis was conducted to investigate the associations between nicotine use and sleep disturbances, controlling for possible confounders such as current use of illicit drugs and psychopharmacological treatment.
Results: Depressive and manic symptoms were not associated with the concurrent level of alcohol or nicotine use. Individuals with medium and high levels of daily nicotine use had higher risk of insomnia than those without. Non-pathological alcohol use was not associated with sleep disturbances.
Limitations: Sleep disturbances were based on items from the IDS-C questionnaire.
Conclusion: We found an elevated risk for insomnia in individuals with BD and medium or high levels of daily nicotine use. We found no association between the level of affective symptoms and the level of use of alcohol or nicotine. The direction of the relationship between nicotine use and insomnia needs clarification, as it is highly relevant for treatment planning.